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| Type | Public |
|---|---|
| NYSE: CVNA (Class A) Russell 1000 Component | |
| Industry | E-commerce / Car dealer |
| Founded | January 2013; 8 years ago |
| Founders | Ernest Garcia III Ryan Keeton Ben Huston |
| Headquarters | , |
Area served | United States |
| Ernest Garcia III, Chairman/CEO | |
| Products | Used cars |
| Revenue | $3,940 million (2019) |
| −$365 million (2019) | |
| Website | carvana.com |
The extension - I recommend using.wav files, 11, 22 and 44khz mono/stero wav files are supported.raw and.usl files are also supported, but must be 44khz mono. Sound Effect Names The name part of the filename needs to be one that TeensySaber can recognize. Sound fonts can either be monophonic (Plecter) or polyphonic (Naigon Electronics) style. Carvana is a sponsor of the National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes, USL Championship's Phoenix Rising Football Club since 2018, and IndyCar Series driver Jimmie Johnson since 2021. 19 References edit. 8738 Salespersons or Collectors—Outside—Program II—USL&HW Act Benefits—Coverage Under the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA) 8742 Salespersons or Collectors—Outside 8742 U.S.O. Operations—Travelers Aid Society. There is a Microsoft Excel object model for controlling Microsoft Excel from another program, and the ASCOM Telescope Driver is an object model for controlling an astronomical telescope. An object model consists of the following important features: Object Reference Objects can be accessed via object references.
Carvana is an online used car retailer based in Tempe, Arizona.[1] The company is known for its multi-story car vending machines, and in 2018 it was reported to be the fastest growing used car dealer in the United States.[2][3]
History[edit]
Carvana was founded by Ernest Garcia III, Ryan Keeton and Ben Huston in 2012. The company's initial funding round came from the used car retailer and finance company, DriveTime.[4]
In November 2013, Carvana opened its first iteration of a car vending machine. In 2015, a fully automated, coin-operated version of the signature car vending machine opened in Nashville, Tennessee.[3]
In April 2017, the company went public and began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol CVNA.[5]
As of May 2020, Carvana's as-soon-as-next day delivery was available in 261 markets across the country.[6] In Q2 of 2020, the company reported a 25% increase in vehicle sales, as a result of physical dealership sellers being closed as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Carvana's had a gross revenue of $1.12 billion, up 13% for the months April–June 2020.[7]
Business[edit]
Carvana operates as an online-only used car dealer that allows customers to shop, finance, and sell or trade-in cars through their website.[8][9][10] The company gives customers the option of having their purchased vehicles delivered to them or they can choose to pick them up at one of the company's 24 car vending machines.[9] Vehicles come with a seven-day return policy.[11] In response to COVID-19, Carvana introduced touchless delivery and pick-up in March 2020.[12]
The Houston Chronicle dubbed the company the “Amazon of Auto”.[13] In 2019, it sold 177,549 vehicles and posted annual revenue of $3.94 billion, making it the third largest used-car retailer in the U.S.[14]
Acquisitions[edit]
In 2017 Carvana acquired rival automotive startup Carlypso to enhance vehicle data and analytical tools.[15] In April 2018, Carvana spent $22 million to acquire Mark Cuban-backed Car360 for its smartphone technology for taking vehicle photos with 3D computer vision, machine learning, and augmented reality.[16][17]
Sponsorships[edit]
Carvana is a sponsor of the National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes, USL Championship's Phoenix Rising Football Club since 2018,[18] and IndyCar Series driver Jimmie Johnson since 2021.[19]
References[edit]
- ^ abRingle, Hayley. 'EXCLUSIVE: See inside Carvana's new Tempe headquarters'. bizjournals.com. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
- ^Stock, Kyle (September 20, 2018). 'Car Shopping by Click Hits Critical Mass'. Bloomberg. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
- ^ abLekach, Sasha (March 21, 2019). 'Pick up your used car at Carvana's newest car-sized vending machine'. Mashable. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
- ^'Amendment No 2 to S-1/A'. Carvana via SEC Edgar. April 17, 2017.
- ^Weinberg, Neil; Metcalf, Tom (June 6, 2017). 'Cars in Vending Machines, a Fading IPO and an Ex-Con Owner'. Bloomberg News.
- ^Berthiaume, Dan (May 8, 2020). 'Carvana rolls into 100 new markets'. Chain Store Age. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
- ^Naughton, Nora (August 10, 2020). 'Growth in Online Shopping and Used Cars Lifts Carvana, Attracts Competition'. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
- ^Dahlberg, Nancy (April 12, 2016), 'Online used-car retailer Carvana expanding to Miami', Miami Herald
- ^ abFarmer, Blake (November 12, 2015), 'Why Nashville's Car Vending Machine Might Be More Than A Gimmick', Nashville Public Radio
- ^Dyer, Ezra (March 23, 2016). 'Which Car-Buying Site Offers the Most for Your Ride?'. Popular Mechanics. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^News, Savannah Morning. 'Carvana launches service in Savannah'. Savannah Morning News. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^Gorzelany, Jim (March 17, 2020). 'Best Ways To Buy A Car In The Age Of Coronavirus'. Forbes. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
- ^Takahashi, Paul (March 1, 2019). 'Group 1 Auto makes inroads in online sales'. HoustonChronicle.com. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^Deagon, Brian (February 26, 2020). 'Carvana's Earnings Miss Drives Its Stock Sharply Lower'. Investor's Business Daily. Retrieved February 27, 2020.
- ^'The Amazon Of Cars Just Made Its First Acquisition'. Fortune. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^'Carvana acquires Car360 for $22M to improve its car-buying platform'. TechCrunch. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
Car360 uses 3D computer vision, machine learning and AR tech to improve images taken of vehicles through a smartphone.
- ^Huddleston, Tom (January 8, 2019). 'Mark Cuban says this is Shark Tank's 'No. 1 success story' after start-up sells for $22 million'. CNBC. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
In April 2018, Carvana acquired Car360, the company Francois, 47, launched in 2015 that uses augmented reality technology and 3-D computer vision to allow people to take 360-degree photos of automobiles with a mobile phone.
- ^'Phoenix Rising FC reveals 2018 uniforms, announces new sponsor'. Arizona Sports. March 11, 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^'Jimmie Johnson announces Carvana as sponsor for IndyCar venture with Ganassi'. NBC Sports. October 21, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
External links[edit]
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What you will need:
- Electronics: A Proffieboard or a TeensySaber V1, V2 or V3.
- Arduino IDE - I've been using 1.8.3, if you have problems with later versions, try 1.8.3.
- Proffieboard Arduino Plugin - If you have a proffieboard.
- Teensyduino - Teensy support for the Arduino IDE if you have a TeensySaber
- a micro-usb cable
- An SD card.
- Some sound fonts and/or tracks.
- MiCOM prop file
- AudioFX prop file
- Battle mode (in saber_fett263_buttons.h prop file)
- Teensy4 support
- RFID support
- I2S output
- SPID output
- New define: SPEAK_BLADE_ID
- WS2811 driver rewrite (faster and uses less RAM)
- New Styles: FromHumFileStyle, EffectSequence
- New Functions: CircularSectionF, MarbleF, SliceF, Saw
- PullDownButton
- SubBladeWithStride
- Lots of bugfixes
- Memory optimizations
- videotoblc
Features
- 100% open-source, you may add any feature you like. (GPLv3)
- Support for WebUSB for configuration through a browser.
- Blaster support
- Support for remote control via bluetooth (with external addon)
- Speedy 32-bit processor makes advanced features like sound filters, synthesizing and mp3 playback possible.
- 16-bit digital output (12-bit for TeensySaber V1 and V2)
- Default sample rate is 44kHz
- 22kHz and 11kHz samples are supported and upsampled to 44kHz automatically.
- Gapless playback, with 2.5ms cross-fade when you interrupt one sample to go to another.
- Polyphonic playback, currently configured for up to 5 simultaneous samples.
- Support for Ws281X, PL9823, SK68** or neopixel strings. (including RGBW)
- Support for APA102 and dotstar strings.
- Support for arbitrary 1/2/3/4/5/6-color stars/strings.
- Supports segmented string blades. (with flash string)
- Multi-blade support for dual and crossguard setups.
- Crystal chamber support.
- Power-level indicator with neopixel blade.
- OLED PLI display
- IR sending and receiving
- MTP support (drag-n-drop files from windows through USB connection)
- POV (persistance of vision) mode.
- Multiple blades. (at the same time)
- Accent LEDs. (also implemented as additional 'blades'.)
- Spoken error messages.
- Easy software updates.
If you want any other features, contact me on The Rebel Armory or the fx-sabers forum and I'll see what I can do.
Preparations for Proffieboard
- Install latest arduino software.
- Install the Proffieboard Arduino Plugin
- Select Tools->Boards->Proffieboard or Tools->Boards->Proffieboard V2
- (optional) Also in the Tools menu, select
USB Type: 'Serial + WebUSB + Mass Storage' - Now you may proceed to 'Installing ProffieOS on your board' below.
Preparations for TeensySaber
- Install latest arduino software.
- Install latest teensyduino software (in same directory)
- Go to the Tools menu, select Board: Teensy 3.1/3.2
- (optional) Also in the Tools menu, select: USB Type: 'MTP Disk (Experimental)'
- Now you may proceed to 'Installing ProffieOS on your board' below.
Installing ProffieOS on your board
- Download and unzip the teensysaber software from above.
- Open up the arduino software, go to file->open and select ProffieOS.ino (Note, that on Windows, ProffieOS.ino might just be called 'ProffieOS', as windows will hide the '.ino' part by default.)
- Make a config file. Usually, this will be tweaked and re-uploaded many times, but the best way to get started is to go to the Proffieboard V2, Proffieboard or TeensySaber V3 page and use the configuration generator. Go to the config/ directory, make a copy of one of the .h files, then rename the copy to 'mysaber_config.h' (or whatever you like), then open up the file in an editor (like notepad) and remove all the lines, then cut-n-paste the stuff from the config generator instead and save it.
- In ProffieOS.ino, go to line ~24, and change it to: #define CONFIG_FILE 'config/mysaber_config.h' (make sure the other config files are commented out, there should only be one CONFIG_FILE without //)
- Hook up the board to your computer with an USB cable
- If you have a teensysaber, Power the board with a battery. (You did cut the VIN/VUSB, right?)
- Press the arrow button near the top left in the arduino interface, and it will compile and upload the program.
- Done, now tweak your config file and re-upload as many times as you like.
How to use it
See the Wiki page.
Configuration
While you can obviously change *anything* in the source, the parts you may need to change depending on how you wiredyour electronics should all be in the config file. I recommend starting by having the configuration generator on theboard page generate a config file for you, but you will probably need to tweak it as you go. Full documentation forall the configuration file options can be found here.
LED configuration
ProffieOS already contains definitions for some popular Cree LEDs, somost of the time, all you need to do is to use the right template and specifythe right number of milliohms in the < > after the template.If you use a led that doesn't exist in leds.h different LED, copy one ofthe led structs into your config file and modify it. You can find more information on theWiki page.
Most of the time, TeensySaber simply uses RGB colors to run everything,however, if you're using an LED star, things can get a bit more complicated.For instance if you have a Blue-Blue-White LED star, you have two choicesfor how to configure the driver class. The first choice is something like:SimpleBladePtr<CreeXPE2Blue, CreeXPE2Blue, CreeXPE2White, NoLED>().This means that when the Style classes tells the blade to be blue,the channel one and two turns on, and when the styleclass say to make it white, all three channels turn on. This is usually what you want to make the blade flash on impact.With this setup, the style setup becomes simple as well, you just do something like: StyleNormalPtr<BLUE, WHITE, 300, 800>(). However, there is one drawback; if you want to actually use the white LED by itself, there no way to do it. The onlyway to activate the white LED is for the Style to specify a white color, and that will also activate the blue LEDs.You can find more information on the Wiki page.
Sound Fonts
Once you have the firmware installed, you'll need at least one sound font.Sound fonts are stored on the SD card, just create a subdirectory and put the files from the font in there, and it shouldwork. Most fonts are monophonic, meaning that only one sound is played at a time, but some are polyphonic, meaning thatsound effects are played over the basic humm sound of the saber. The teensy saber os supports both types and should beable to figure out what kind it is based on the file names. Here are a few places where you can obtain sound fonts:
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Button configuration
By default, TeensySaber is configured to use a touch button for power, while the other buttonsuse regular momentary switches. There is currently no support for latching switches.If you want to use a momentary switch for the power button, you'll need to change two things.
- Find the line that says TouchButton power_; and replace it with Button power_;.
- Find the line that says power_(powerButtonPin, 1700, 'pow'); and replace it with power_(powerButtonPin, 'pow');. (The 1700 is the sensetivity of the touch button, at some point I might calculate the sensetivity automatically, and then this step won't be required anymore.)
Sound Effect File Names
A sound font is made up of many sound files, the filename of these files should look something like this:
- The directory - This can be anything you like. All the files belonging to the same font should be in the same directory though. You can put fonts in sub-directories if you like, so it could be something like: fonts/dark/1/hum.wav if you like. The first entry in the preset[] array specifies the directory.
- The name - One of a set of pre-defined names specified below.
- The number - When playing a sound, TeensySaber will generally pick one of them randomly. The numbers can either be on the form 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11, etc. or 01, 02, 03, etc. or 001, 002, 003, etc. The number sequence must be consistent and without any gaps. It's also possible to omit the number completely. For looping sounds, TeensySaber will randomly pick one of the numbered files each time it starts over, so it's possible to create a more interesting hum by having 'hum.wav', 'hum1.waw', 'hum2.wav' etc. Note that since we're using an ancient file system, the length of the name and number must not total more than 8 characters. (So you can only have 11 poweron sounds: poweron.wav, poweron0.wav, poweron1.wav....poweron9.wav)
- The extension - I recommend using .wav files, 11, 22 and 44khz mono/stero wav files are supported. .raw and .usl files are also supported, but must be 44khz mono.
Sound Effect Names
The name part of the filename needs to be one that TeensySaber can recognize.Sound fonts can either be monophonic (Plecter) or polyphonic (Naigon Electronics) style.In monophonic mode, the following names are recognized:
- boot - Played when TeensySaber boots up.
- swing - Played when you move the saber around.
- hum - Played when you don't move the saber around. (looped)
- poweron - Played when you turn the saber on.
- poweroff / pwroff - Played when you turn the saber off.
- clash - Played when you hit something with the saber.
- force - Force use sound.
- stab - Played when you make a stabbing motion. (Not yet implemented)
- blaster - Played when you press the AUX button.
- lockup - Lockup, activate by hoding power then trigger a clash. (looped)
- bgnlock - played when lockup starts
- endlock - played when lockup ends (if not present, clash is used)
- poweronf - Force power on (not yet implemented)
- font - Played when you switch to this font / preset.
In polyphonic mode, the following names are recognized:
- boot - Played when TeensySaber boots up.
- swng - Played when you move the saber around.
- hum - Played when you don't move the saber around. (looped)
- out - Played when you turn the saber on.
- in - Played when you turn the saber off.
- clsh - Played when you hit something with the saber.
- force - Force use sound.
- stab - Played when you make a stabbing motion. (Not yet implemented)
- blst - Played when you press the AUX button.
- lock - Lockup, activate by hoding power then trigger a clash.
- bgnlock - played when lockup starts
- endlock - played when lockup ends (if not present, just fades out)
- font - Played when you switch to this font / preset.
In addition, if the sounds 'swingl' and 'swingh' are present, the SmoothSwingalgorithm will be used to generate swing sounds from these files instead of using'swing' or 'swng' files. See below for more details on SmoothSwing algorithms.
Also, if the 'drag' sounds are present, they will replace the 'lock' / 'lockup' soundif you drag the saber tip across the ground.
For thermonal detonator, these effects are used:
- bgnarm - when the td is arming
- armhum - when the td is armed (looped)
- endarm - when the td is disarmed
- boom - when the td blows up
SmoothSwing V1/V2 configuration
When one or more set of swingl/swingh files are present, TeensySaber will activate theSmoothSwing V1 or V2 algorithms. To decide which one to use, it will read a file called'smoothsw.ini'. The full list of variables that can be used in smoothsw.ini can be found onthe wiki page.
SmoothSwing V1 - Demo, Thexter's description
Demo, Algorithm explanation, details of how to use it below. Many thanks to Thexter for his excellent work on this algorithm.Smoothswing V1 doesn't actually use any of the variables from the configurationfile. The swingl and swingh files are played in a loop. The software will thenplace a rotating plane through the blade of your saber, and if the saber swingsin one direction across the plane, we'll play more of swingl and less of the background hum.If we swing in the other direction, we'll play more of swingh and less of the hum.The fade will never blend swingl and swingh directly, it will essentially cross-fadebetween the regular hum and one of swingl/swingh based on direction and strength ofthe swing.
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SmoothSwing V2 - Demo, Thexter's description
Smoothswing V2 has some similarties to V1, but is much better at producing naturalswing- and spin-like sounds, and also produces more variety than the V1 algorithm.To do this, the swinglNN.wav and swinghNN.wav files are paired up. Whenever a swingis not going on (swing speed < SwingStrengthThreshold) a new pair if selected randomly.As we start swinging, we keep track of how many degrees the saber has swung so far, andat a randomly selected threshold, we start a cross-fade to go from swingl to swingh. Thetransition lasts for Transition1Degrees, and if the swing continues, we will eventuallycross-fade back from swingh to swingl 180 degrees after the first threshold. The secondtransition is generally wider and is controlled by Transition2Degrees. The combinedswing sound is then cross-faded with the regular hum based on the swing strength.
Serial Monitor Commands
You can use the serial monitor to debug and control the software once uploaded, here is an incomplete list of commands:
- help - prints a list of known commands
- on - turns the saber on
- off - turns the saber off
- blade on - turns the blade on (but leaves the sound off)
- blade off - turns the blade off
- clash - trigger a clash effect
- dir [directory] - list files on sd card
- cd [directory] - change directory, and sound font
- play [file] - play wav file
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Note that there is a drop-down at the bottom of the serial monitor that defaults to 'No Line Feed', you mustchange it to 'Newline' to use the serial monitor with TeensySaber.Download Older versions
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- 1.8 - pre-alpha version
- 1.10 - alpha version
- 1.11 - beta version
- 1.14 - first recommended version
- 1.18 - preliminary teensy 3.5/3.6 and TeensySaber V2 support
- 1.19 - Fixed BUILTIN_SDCARD
- 1.20 - Fixed hang when reading directories ending in /
- 1.40 - new LED configuration system, PWM over volt protection, audio bugfixes, improved audio buffering, better help system, multiple touch buttons, code cleanup
- 1.43 - looped swing sound support
- 1.45 - MTP, power+clash=previous preset, RAW/USL support
- 1.60 - POV, V2 motion, APA102/Dotstar (Experimental)
- 1.86 - multi-blade support
- 1.89 - blade template system
- 1.93 - fixed short activation
- 1.110 - louder, lockup, flicker
- 1.119 - bugfixes
- 1.144 - GPLv3, speech, separate configuration files, zero-button sabers, mtp support for serialflash
- 1.153 - Display/PLI, crossguard
- 1.157 - TeensySaber V3 support, latching button support
- 1.164 - blast effect, pulsing blade, drag effect, 16-bit color
- 1.167 - Support for bluetooth addon.
- 1.175 - SubBlade, IgnitionDelay, ColorCycle, Makefile, more blades
- 1.191 - Smoothswing V2, better wav reader, Cylon, reduces clash sensetivity when swinging
- 1.224 - loop optimizations, split into many files, blade style functions, bugfixes
- 1.246 - split out more classes, better spoken error messages, serialflash config files
- 1.247 - bugfixes, INVERT_ORIENTATION
- 1.264 - initial proffieboard support, StyleFire<>, any orientation, motion disable, WS2811 fixes
- 1.264 - fixed proffieboard support, bugfixes
- 1.269 - force command, neopixel fix for profffieboard
- 1.284 - N-gradient, new Blast, LocalizedClash, Sparkle, BlastFadeout, InOutHelperX, OriginalBlast, separate color for drag, double-click to mute, bugfixes
- 1.286 - Blinking style, faster motion code, lots of bugfixes
- 1.291 - SD card access, interchangeable clash/blast/force effects, bugfixes and optimizations
- 1.305 - motion fixes, hybrid fonts, blade movies, button clash suppression, RandomBlink, Stripes, i2c reset fix, allowDisable fix, hum keeps playing fix
- 1.312 - WebUSB, presets.ini, RGBW pixels, teensy serial pixels, bugfixes, lower standby power, Sequence<>
- 2.9 - V2 board support, Thermal Detonator support, prop files, new versioning scheme, accent swings, bgnlock/endlock, Trigger, BatteryLevel, Mix, ColorSequence, Bump, NAME/NNNN.wav file pattern support, CH*LED and many many bugfixes.
- 3.9 - Color Change, IR receiving, sensor fusion, blade ID class, shake, stab, slash, oled animations, CFX font support, blade detect, transitions, lockup/clash/stab shapes, better sdtest, ColorChange, RetractionDelay, ByteOrderStyle, RotateColors, TransitionEffect, TransitionLoop, Hue, InOutTr, LengthFinder, DimBlade, SubBladeReverse.
- 4.9 - Font search paths, IR, SPI LED, Layers, presets.ini cleanup on programming, lightning block, melt, responsive styles, lots of new styles and effects.
Troubleshooting
If you're having problems, check out the troubleshooting page.
Last modified: November 4th, 2020 - Design by Monica & FredrikHübinette